How IP Addresses and DNS connect to Red Hat Linux Systems
Understanding IP Addresses and the Domain Name System (DNS) in Red Hat Linux System Connections
1. IP Addresses: The Foundation of Network Communication
An IP address (Internet Protocol address) is a numerical label assigned to each device connected to a network. It serves two primary purposes:
Identifying the host (a Red Hat Linux system in this case).
Facilitating the routing of network traffic.
There are two types of IP addresses:
IPv4 (e.g., `192.168.1.100`): Uses a 32-bit address space.
IPv6 (e.g., `2001:db8::ff00:42:8329`): Uses a 128-bit address space.
Each Red Hat Linux system that is connected to a network or the internet has an IP address, which allows other systems to communicate with it.
2. Domain Name System (DNS): Translating Hostnames to IP Addresses
The "Domain Name System (DNS)"" is a hierarchical naming system that translates human-readable domain names (e.g., `redhat.example.com`)
into IP addresses (`192.168.1.100`). This eliminates the need for users to memorize complex numerical addresses.
How DNS Works in Connecting to a Red Hat Linux System:
A user enters a domain name (e.g., `redhat.example.com`) in an application like SSH, a web browser, or a network service.
The client system queries a DNS resolver (usually configured via `/etc/resolv.conf` in Linux).
The resolver contacts a DNS server to fetch the corresponding IP address.
The system receives the resolved IP address and establishes a network connection to the Red Hat Linux server.
3. Connecting to a Red Hat Linux System Using IP Addresses and DNS
A. Connecting via IP Address
If the Red Hat Linux system's IP address is known, users can directly establish a connection using:
5. Setting Up a Hostname for a Red Hat Linux System
To set or check the hostname on Red Hat Linux:
Display the current hostname:
hostnamectl
Set a new hostname:
sudo hostnamectl set-hostname redhat.example.com
By correctly configuring IP addressing and DNS resolution, users can reliably establish connections to Red Hat Linux systems over a network.
Linux Internet Services
All over the world, Linux systems routinely deliver Web pages, news articles, music, and other services to millions of users. The journey from a user's computer to the Linux service, requires an intricate mesh of network hardware and software.
This module examines the different aspects of Internet services and how they work. IP addresses and the Domain Name System allow users to establish connections to Linux systems. Once there, port numbers and names give those users access to the services. Finally, standalone and transient network servers provide the actual service.
Learning Objectives
After completing this module, you will be able to:
Identify the properties of Internet Protocol
Describe an IP address
Relate TCP and UDP protocols to IP
Define port numbers
Explain the relationship between port names and numbers
Configure port names
Describe the function of the Domain Name System
State the differences between a standalone and a transient network server
List the advantages and disadvantages of standalone and transient network servers
Overview of Internet Applications and Commands
When it comes to features and ease-of-use issues, applications that come with Redhat for accessing the Internet can rival those of any operating system.
For every major type of Internet client application, there are at least three or four graphical and command-line tools to choose from.
While Linux has offered high-quality servers for Web, mail, FTP, and other Internet services for years, current versions of these desktop Internet applications have become both solid and rich in content. If Web browsing and e-mail are your primary needs in a
desktop system, RHEL can give you a similar experience to that of your Windows operating system.
Most valuable Linux applications for using the Internet.
The next lesson introduces properties of Internet Protocol.